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Italy purchases more than half of the aviation fuel it needs abroad and 20% of these imports come from countries affected by the closure of the Strait of Hormuz. This is what emerges from data from the Ministry of the Environment and Energy Security on the consumption, production and import of fuels.
Dependence on jet fuel
In 2025, national jet fuel consumption reached 5.1 million tons, with an average monthly requirement of approximately 400 thousand tons. Demand has a seasonal trend: in February it fell by 29% compared to the average, while in July it grew by 26%.
Over 50% of the fuel needed for aircraft, equal to 2.6 million tons, is imported. Around 500 thousand tonnes arrive from countries affected by the closure of Hormuz: 7.6% from Saudi Arabia, 7.6% from the United Arab Emirates and 3.7% from Oman. Overall, this is a share equal to 10% of domestic demand.
Most of the other supplies come from India, Türkiye, Slovenia, the Netherlands, Greece and Belgium. These countries, despite not having their own crude oil production, could in turn be affected by the reduction in imports from Arab countries. Supplies from Libya and Angola instead represent only 5% of total imports.
Diesel, more diversified market
Around 60% of the diesel imported from Italy also comes from the Strait of Hormuz area, equal to 3 million tonnes. 47% are from Saudi Arabia, 5.7% from Kuwait, 3.1% from the United Arab Emirates and 1.3% from Oman.
According to the analysis, however, the diesel market presents less critical issues than that of aviation fuel, thanks to the greater diversification of producers. In 2025, Italian demand was 23.3 million tonnes, with a monthly average of around 1.9 million and a peak of 17% in July.
Italy also remains a net exporter of diesel: it exported 7.9 million tonnes compared to 5.2 million imported. The production of national refineries, equal to 25 million tonnes, was sufficient to cover domestic demand.
No impact on petrol
The closure of the Strait of Hormuz would not have direct consequences on petrol supplies, which Italy does not import from that area. In 2025, national consumption was 8.9 million tonnes, while Italian refineries produced around 10 million.