In Italy women have an employment rate of almost 18 points lower than that of men And when they work they have on average a daily salary of about 20% lower than their colleagues. This depends on various factors including the greatest use of part time among women, the lowest qualification levels and the least use of extraordinary. And despite being on average more educated they make more difficult to make a career, only 21% of the managers and 32.4% of the paintings, in fact they are a woman. The data emerge from the gender report presented by the INPS address and supervision.
“They are still relevant – explains the CIV of the INPS – the conditions of disadvantage of women in our country, in the workplace, familiar and social”. Based on the data referring to 2023, the female employment rate is 52.5%, of 17.9 points lower than that of men. For women, it is more difficult for hiring to be indefinitely with 18% of the total hires compared to 22.6% of those of men. Among the part time workers, women are almost two thirds (64.4%) and have an involuntary part time percentage of three times higher than men (15.6% of employees compared to 5.1% of males).
“In all the economic sectors examined except the draws of minerals from quarries and mines – writes INPS about the private sector – men perceive medium daily incomes superior to women. Specifically in ten sectors on eighteen examined women perceive more than 20% less; In financial and insurance activities, women perceive on average 32.1% less, in scientific and technical activities 35.1% less and in real estate 39.9% less “(77.9 euros gross daily against 129.7). The difference is equal to 23.7% in trade, and 16.3% in accommodation and catering services. The average daily wages in the public sector suffer less the gender gap even if, by health service and universities and research bodies, women have an average paycheck lower than men of almost 20%.
As for the level of education, in 2023 women exceeded men both among graduates (52.6%) and among graduates (59.9%), but this superiority in the study path “does not translate into a greater presence in the top positions in the world of work”. The 29.4% of employed is “overexplated” compared to the work it does against 25.4% of men and this percentage exceeds 40% between 25 and 34 years.
Women – read the report – continue to take care of most of the care work. In 2023, the parental leave days used by women were 14.4 million, against just 2.1 million used by men. The offer of nursery school remains insufficient, with only Umbria, Emilia Romagna and the Aosta Valley that reach or approach the lens of the 45-seats for 100 children 0-2 years.